Amine - vận dụng

Home Lớp 12 Hoá học Lớp 12 - Sách KNTT Bài 8: AmineBài tập nâng cao

{"common":{"save":0,"post_id":"10121","level":3,"total":10,"point":10,"point_extra":0},"segment":[{"id":"9157","post_id":"10121","mon_id":"1160346","chapter_id":"1160215","question":"Cho dãy: C\u2086H\u2085NH\u2082<\/span> (1), C\u2082H\u2085NH\u2082<\/span> (2), (C\u2086H\u2085)\u2082NH<\/span> (3), (C\u2082H\u2085)\u2082NH<\/span> (4), NH\u2083<\/span> (5).<\/p>(C\u2086H\u2085– là g\u1ed1c phenyl). S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp dãy trên theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c baz\u01a1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n<\/strong> là:<\/p>","options":["A. (3), (1), (5), (2), (4)","B. (4), (1), (5), (2), (3) \n ","C. (4), (2), (3), (1), (5) \n ","D. (4), (2), (5), (1), (3)"],"correct":"4","level":"3","hint":"Hãy xét m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea9y electron<\/strong> c\u1ee7a các nhóm ankyl và \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kéo electron c\u1ee7a vòng benzen<\/strong> \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eb7p electron t\u1ef1 do trên nguyên t\u1eed N. L\u1ef1c baz\u01a1 càng m\u1ea1nh khi nguyên t\u1eed N càng d\u1ec5 cho c\u1eb7p electron.<\/p>","answer":"\u0110áp án \u0111úng:<\/span> <\/strong>D. (4), (2), (5), (1), (3)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>Gi\u1ea3i thích:<\/strong><\/span><\/p><ul data-end=\"776\" data-start=\"274\"> <li data-end=\"408\" data-start=\"274\">(4) (C\u2082H\u2085)\u2082NH<\/span><\/strong> l<\/span>à \u0111iamin b\u1eadc hai<\/strong> có hai nhóm ankyl \u0111\u1ea9y electron m\u1ea1nh, làm t\u0103ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 electron trên N → l\u1ef1c baz\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/li> <li data-end=\"512\" data-start=\"409\">(2) C\u2082H\u2085NH\u2082<\/span><\/strong> là amin b\u1eadc m\u1ed9t<\/strong>, có m\u1ed9t nhóm ankyl \u0111\u1ea9y electron → baz\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n (4).<\/p><\/li> <li data-end=\"567\" data-start=\"513\">(5) NH\u2083<\/span><\/strong> không có nhóm ankyl → baz\u01a1 trung bình.<\/p><\/li> <li data-end=\"690\" data-start=\"568\">(1) C\u2086H\u2085NH\u2082 <\/span>(anilin)<\/strong>: vòng benzen hút electron theo hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng –I và –M, làm gi\u1ea3m m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 electron trên N → baz\u01a1 y\u1ebfu.<\/p><\/li> <li data-end=\"776\" data-start=\"691\">(3) (C\u2086H\u2085)\u2082NH<\/span><\/strong>: có hai nhóm phenyl hút electron càng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n → baz\u01a1 y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","user_id":"139","test":"0","date":"2025-10-07 08:53:55","option_type":"txt","len":2},{"id":"9158","post_id":"10121","mon_id":"1160346","chapter_id":"1160215","question":"Cho các phát bi\u1ec3u sau v\u1ec1 tính ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a methylamine:<\/p>(a) Methylamine làm gi\u1ea5y qu\u1ef3 tím \u1ea9m hóa \u0111\u1ecf. (b) Methylamine ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi HCl trong dung d\u1ecbch. (c) Methylamine không ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch FeCl\u2083 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng. (d) Dung d\u1ecbch methylamine ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Cu(OH)\u2082.<\/span><\/p>S\u1ed1 phát bi\u1ec3u \u0111úng là:<\/p>","options":["A. 4&emsp;&emsp;","B. 3&emsp;&emsp;","C. 2&emsp;&emsp;","D. 1"],"correct":"2","level":"3","hint":"Hãy nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng methylamine (CH\u2083NH\u2082)<\/strong> là amin b\u1eadc m\u1ed9t<\/strong>, có tính baz\u01a1 y\u1ebfu<\/strong> và tính kh\u1eed nh\u1eb9<\/strong>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 amoniac.<\/p>","answer":"\u0110áp án \u0111úng: B. 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>Gi\u1ea3i thích:<\/strong> (a) Sai – Methylamine có tính baz\u01a1, làm qu\u1ef3 tím hóa xanh<\/strong>, không ph\u1ea3i hóa \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>(b) \u0110úng – Methylamine là baz\u01a1, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi axit HCl trong dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1o mu\u1ed1i CH\u2083NH\u2083Cl<\/strong>.<\/p>(c) \u0110úng – Methylamine không ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch FeCl\u2083<\/strong> \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, vì không có nhóm phenol hay nhóm t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1eaft(III).<\/p>(d) \u0110úng – Methylamine ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Cu(OH)\u2082<\/strong> t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t màu xanh lam<\/strong>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 amoniac.<\/p>→ Có 3 phát bi\u1ec3u \u0111úng: (b), (c), (d).<\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","user_id":"139","test":"0","date":"2025-10-07 08:54:53","option_type":"txt","len":2},{"id":"9159","post_id":"10121","mon_id":"1160346","chapter_id":"1160215","question":"Cho các phát bi\u1ec3u sau v\u1ec1 tính ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ethylamine:<\/p>(a) Ethylamine làm gi\u1ea5y qu\u1ef3 tím \u1ea9m hóa \u0111\u1ecf. (b) Ethylamine ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi HCl trong dung d\u1ecbch. (c) Ethylamine không ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch FeCl\u2083 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng. (d) Dung d\u1ecbch ethylamine ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Cu(OH)\u2082.<\/span><\/p>S\u1ed1 phát bi\u1ec3u \u0111úng là:<\/p>","options":["A. 3&emsp;&emsp;","B. 2&emsp;&emsp;","C. 4&emsp;&emsp;","D. 1"],"correct":"1","level":"3","hint":"G\u1ee3i ý: Hãy so sánh tính ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ethylamine (C\u2082H\u2085NH\u2082)<\/strong> v\u1edbi amoniac (NH\u2083)<\/strong> — chúng có tính baz\u01a1 và t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau.<\/p>","answer":"\u0110áp án \u0111úng: A. 3<\/span><\/strong><\/p>Gi\u1ea3i thích:<\/strong> (a) Sai – Ethylamine là baz\u01a1 y\u1ebfu<\/strong>, làm gi\u1ea5y qu\u1ef3 tím hóa xanh<\/strong>, không hóa \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>(b) \u0110úng – Ethylamine ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi HCl<\/strong> t\u1ea1o mu\u1ed1i C\u2082H\u2085NH\u2083Cl<\/strong> (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa NH\u2083 và HCl).<\/p>(c) \u0110úng – Ethylamine không ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch FeCl\u2083<\/strong> \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, vì không có nhóm ch\u1ee9c có th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c v\u1edbi ion Fe³\u207a.<\/p>(d) \u0110úng – Ethylamine ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Cu(OH)\u2082<\/strong> \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t màu xanh lam<\/strong> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 amoniac.<\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","user_id":"139","test":"0","date":"2025-10-07 08:55:49","option_type":"txt","len":2}]}