Năng lượng và Công cơ học - Bài tập nâng cao

Home Lớp 10 Vật lý 10 - Sách kết nối tri thức Bài 23. Năng lượng và Công cơ họcBài tập nâng cao

{"common":{"save":0,"post_id":"8609","level":3,"total":10,"point":10,"point_extra":0},"segment":[{"id":"7926","mon_id":"1158790","chapter_id":"1159772","post_id":"8609","question":"Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1ee3t xu\u1ed1ng trên m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghiêng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngang m\u1ed9t góc α. Công do l\u1ef1c ma sát th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trên chi\u1ec1u dài s c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghiêng là<\/p>","options":["A.<\/strong> $A_{F_{ms}}=\\mu .m.g.\\sin\\alpha$<\/span>","B.<\/strong> $A_{F_{ms}}=-\\mu .m.g.\\cos\\alpha$<\/span>","C.<\/strong> $A_{F_{ms}}=\\mu .m.g.\\sin\\alpha.s$<\/span>","D.<\/strong> $A_{F_{ms}}=-\\mu .m.g.\\cos\\alpha.s$<\/span>"],"correct":"4","level":"3","hint":"","answer":"Ch\u1ecdn D.<\/strong> $A_{F_{ms}}=-\\mu .m.g.\\cos\\alpha.s$<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>D\u1ef1a vào ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111ã h\u1ecdc \u1edf nh\u1eefng bài tr\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, phân tích l\u1ef1c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt II Newton.<\/p>Ta có: N = P . cos α = m.g.cos α. Suy ra: $F_{ms}=\\mu.N=\\mu .m.g.\\cos\\alpha$<\/span>. Do l\u1ef1c ma sát ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nên:<\/p>$A_{F_{ms}}=-F_{ms}.s=-\\mu .m.g.\\cos\\alpha.s$<\/span>.<\/p><svg height=\"170\" width=\"250\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\"> <g><title><\/title><rect fill=\"#fff\" height=\"172\" id=\"canvas_background\" width=\"252\" x=\"-1\" y=\"-1\"><\/rect> <g display=\"none\" id=\"canvasGrid\"> <rect fill=\"url(#gridpattern)\" height=\"100%\" id=\"svg_4\" stroke-width=\"0\" width=\"100%\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"><\/rect> <\/g> <\/g> <g><title><\/title><image height=\"168\" id=\"svg_1\" width=\"248\" x=\"2\" 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y=\"2\"><\/image> <line fill=\"none\" id=\"svg_2\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"undefined\" stroke-linejoin=\"undefined\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" x1=\"120\" x2=\"87\" y1=\"96\" y2=\"33\"><\/line> <text fill=\"#000000\" font-family=\"Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif\" font-size=\"24\" id=\"svg_3\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"0\" text-anchor=\"start\" transform=\"rotate(-121 88.00781250000001,35.49999999999999) \" x=\"81\" xml:space=\"preserve\" y=\"44\">><\/text> <g id=\"svg_7\"> <text fill=\"#000000\" font-family=\"Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif\" font-size=\"24\" id=\"svg_5\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"0\" text-anchor=\"start\" x=\"88\" xml:space=\"preserve\" y=\"3.25\">_<\/text> <text fill=\"#000000\" font-family=\"Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif\" font-size=\"15\" id=\"svg_6\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"0\" text-anchor=\"start\" x=\"96\" xml:space=\"preserve\" y=\"12.25\">><\/text> <\/g> <g id=\"svg_10\"> <text fill=\"#000000\" font-family=\"Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif\" font-size=\"24\" id=\"svg_8\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"0\" text-anchor=\"start\" x=\"181\" xml:space=\"preserve\" y=\"24.25\">_<\/text> <text fill=\"#000000\" font-family=\"Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif\" font-size=\"15\" id=\"svg_9\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"0\" text-anchor=\"start\" x=\"189\" xml:space=\"preserve\" y=\"33.25\">><\/text> <\/g> <g id=\"svg_13\"> <text fill=\"#000000\" font-family=\"Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif\" font-size=\"24\" id=\"svg_11\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"0\" text-anchor=\"start\" x=\"119\" xml:space=\"preserve\" y=\"118.25\">_<\/text> <text fill=\"#000000\" font-family=\"Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif\" font-size=\"15\" id=\"svg_12\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-width=\"0\" text-anchor=\"start\" x=\"127\" xml:space=\"preserve\" y=\"127.25\">><\/text> <\/g> <\/g> <\/svg><\/span><\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","user_id":"131","test":"0","date":"2025-03-16 14:02:26","option_type":"math","len":0},{"id":"7930","mon_id":"1158790","chapter_id":"1159772","post_id":"8609","question":"Ch\u1ecdn câu \u0111úng<\/b>.<\/p>","options":["A.<\/strong> Công c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c có th\u1ec3 có giá tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u01a1ng hay âm.","B.<\/strong> Công c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt.","C.<\/strong> Công c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c \u0111àn h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c","D.<\/strong> C\u1ea3 B và C."],"correct":"1","level":"3","hint":"","answer":"Ch\u1ecdn A.<\/strong> Công c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c có th\u1ec3 có giá tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u01a1ng hay âm.<\/span><\/p>Công c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c \u0111àn h\u1ed3i, tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c không ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c hình d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i nên B, C, D sai.<\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","user_id":"131","test":"0","date":"2025-03-16 14:09:32","option_type":"txt","len":3},{"id":"7932","mon_id":"1158790","chapter_id":"1159772","post_id":"8609","question":"Cho m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt có kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 8 kg r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do. Tính công c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c trong giây th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. L\u1ea5y g = 10 m\/s².<\/p>","options":["A.<\/strong> 3800 J","B.<\/strong> 2800 J","C.<\/strong> 4800 J","D.<\/strong> 6800 J"],"correct":"2","level":"3","hint":"","answer":"Ch\u1ecdn B.<\/strong> 2800 J.<\/span><\/p>V\u1eadt r\u01a1i t\u1ef1 do trong 3 s \u0111ã \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: $h_3=\\dfrac{1}{2}gt_3^2=\\dfrac{1}{2}.10.3^2=45(m)$<\/span>.<\/p>Trong 4 s \u0111ã \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: $h_4=\\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2_4=\\dfrac{1}{2}.10.4^2=80(m)$<\/span>.<\/p>V\u1eady trong giây th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111ã \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: s = $h_4-h_3$<\/span> = 80 – 45 = 35 (m).<\/p>Công c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c trong giây th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 là: A = P . s = mgs = 8.10.35 = 2800 (J).<\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","user_id":"131","test":"0","date":"2025-03-16 14:15:15","option_type":"txt","len":0}]}