Đột biến gene

Home Lớp 9 Khoa học tự nhiên 9 - sách kết nối tri thức Bài 41: Đột biến geneBài tập cơ bản

{"common":{"save":0,"post_id":"8338","level":1,"total":10,"point":10,"point_extra":0},"segment":[{"id":"9947","post_id":"8338","mon_id":"1159533","chapter_id":"1159673","question":"T\u1eeb gene II sang gene III là d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn nào?<\/p>","options":["A.<\/strong> Thay th\u1ebf 2 c\u1eb7p nucleotit.","B. <\/strong>Thêm 1 c\u1eb7p nucleotit.","C.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3o v\u1ecb trí c\u1ee7a 2 c\u1eb7p nucleotit.","D.<\/strong> M\u1ea5t 2 c\u1eb7p nucleotit."],"correct":"2","level":"1","hint":"Khi quan sát s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb gene II<\/strong> sang gene III<\/strong>, b\u1ea1n nên chú ý \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong chu\u1ed7i nucleotit, xem xét li\u1ec7u có s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf, thêm, m\u1ea5t hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb trí c\u1ee7a các c\u1eb7p nucleotit. Hãy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u trúc c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i gene và cách các nucleotit thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nào.<\/p>","answer":"\u0110áp án \u0111úng: B. Thêm 1 c\u1eb7p nucleotit.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p này, gene III<\/strong> có s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi gene II<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng cách thêm m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p nucleotit<\/strong> vào chu\u1ed7i gene. Vi\u1ec7c thêm m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p nucleotit có th\u1ec3 làm thay \u0111\u1ed5i mã di truy\u1ec1n và c\u1ea5u trúc c\u1ee7a protein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mã hóa.<\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","time":"0","user_id":"127","test":"0","date":"2025-01-17 17:25:55","option_type":"txt","len":2},{"id":"9948","post_id":"8338","mon_id":"1159533","chapter_id":"1159673","question":"T\u1eeb gene I sang gene II là d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gì?<\/p>","options":["A.<\/strong> Thay 1 c\u1eb7p T-A b\u1eb1ng 1 c\u1eb7p C-G.","B. <\/strong>Thay 1 c\u1eb7p A-T b\u1eb1ng 1 c\u1eb7p G-C.","C.<\/strong> Thay 1 c\u1eb7p C-G b\u1eb1ng 1 c\u1eb7p T-A.","D. <\/strong>Thay 1 c\u1eb7p A-T b\u1eb1ng 1 c\u1eb7p C-G."],"correct":"1","level":"1","hint":"Hãy chú ý \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa các c\u1eb7p base trong DNA. \u0110\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn thay th\u1ebf này liên quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p base này thành m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p base khác. Xem xét các c\u1eb7p base T-A, A-T, C-G, và G-C \u0111\u1ec3 xác \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>","answer":"\u0110áp án \u0111úng: A. Thay 1 c\u1eb7p T-A b\u1eb1ng 1 c\u1eb7p C-G.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\u0110ây là m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn thay th\u1ebf<\/strong> trong \u0111ó m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p base (T-A) b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p base khác (C-G). \u0110ây là m\u1ed9t ví d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n hình c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p base b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf mà không thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a các base.<\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","time":"0","user_id":"127","test":"0","date":"2025-01-17 17:27:03","option_type":"txt","len":2},{"id":"9949","post_id":"8338","mon_id":"1159533","chapter_id":"1159673","question":"H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb gene I sang gene II là:<\/p>","options":["A. <\/strong>làm thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 các amino acid.","B. <\/strong>làm thay \u0111\u1ed5i 1 amino acid.","C.<\/strong> làm thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 amino acid.","D. <\/strong>làm thay \u0111\u1ed5i 2 amino acid."],"correct":"2","level":"1","hint":"Khi x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb gene I sang gene II, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u ý r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn có th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i mã di truy\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb \u0111ó \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chu\u1ed7i polypeptide \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Tùy vào lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn (nh\u01b0 thay th\u1ebf, chèn ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t nucleotide), k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 có th\u1ec3 là s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u amino acid trong chu\u1ed7i protein.<\/p>","answer":"\u0110áp án \u0111úng: B. làm thay \u0111\u1ed5i 1 amino acid.<\/strong><\/span> Khi có m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb gene I sang gene II, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t nucleotide trong b\u1ed9 ba mã di truy\u1ec1n, thì ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t amino acid trong chu\u1ed7i polypeptide b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u này th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t nucleotide (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m).<\/span><\/p>","type":"choose","extra_type":"classic","time":"0","user_id":"127","test":"0","date":"2025-01-17 17:30:01","option_type":"txt","len":3}]}